大部分賓館、飯店的客房部使用的布草都是以白色為(wei) 主，所以酒店人對客房布草的白度十分重視，如果隻采用漂白，隻能獲得一定的白度，但仔細觀察，你會(hui) 發現布草上還會(hui) 有淺黃色或褐色，這主要是織物本身對自然光線中的藍色光有微量的吸收，因此要使織物的白色達到一個(ge) 理想的狀態，可定期定量對布草實施增白。那麽(me) ，白色布草怎麽(me) 亮白如新呢？

　　Most hotels and restaurants use white as the main color for their guest room linens, so hotel staff attach great importance to the whiteness of guest room linens. If only bleaching is used, only a certain degree of whiteness can be obtained. However, upon careful observation, you will find that there will still be light yellow or brown on the linens. This is mainly due to the fabric itself absorbing a small amount of blue light from natural light. Therefore, to achieve an ideal whiteness of the fabric, regular and quantitative whitening of the linens can be carried out. So, how can white linen shine like new?

　　漂白的目的

　　The purpose of bleaching

　　在洗滌過程中的漂白目的主要有兩(liang) 個(ge) ，一是去除織物上殘留的需經過氧化作用或還原作用方可去除的汙垢，使其達到織物本身的原有色澤；二是提升白色織物及帶顏色織物的白度和亮度，使其色澤更加明亮豔麗(li) 。

　　There are two main purposes of bleaching during the washing process. One is to remove the residual dirt on the fabric that needs to be removed through oxidation or reduction, so as to achieve the original color of the fabric itself; The second is to enhance the whiteness and brightness of white and colored fabrics, making their colors brighter and more vibrant.

　　洗滌過程中的織物（如毛巾、床單、台布等）經過衝(chong) 洗、預洗和主洗流程，在程序加料合理的情況下，水溶性汙垢、油溶性汙垢和某些固體(ti) 類汙垢等一般情況都可以去除掉。但對一些色素類汙垢，隻能通過氧化和還原作用才能去除的特殊汙垢，常規洗滌是無法徹底去除掉的，必須在洗滌過程中設置漂白程序方可達到汙垢全部去除。

　　During the washing process, fabrics such as towels, bed sheets, tablecloths, etc. undergo washing, pre washing, and main washing processes. With reasonable program feeding, water-soluble dirt, oil soluble dirt, and certain solid dirt can generally be removed. However, for some pigment based dirt that can only be removed through oxidation and reduction, conventional washing cannot completely remove it. A bleaching program must be set up during the washing process to achieve complete removal of the dirt.

　　漂白的時間

　　Time for bleaching

　　漂白過程中時間的長短與(yu) 漂白劑的釋放時間有關(guan) 。在理想的漂白溫度和理想的洗液酸堿度（pH值10.5）中，漂白劑加料一分鍾時漂白劑基本已均勻的溶於(yu) 洗液中。此時有效氯均勻的釋放，在6-8分鍾時氯基本釋放完畢，這時溶液中的有效氯的濃度在10ppm。在排水時有效氯的含量應低於(yu) 10ppm，所以在有效氯釋放完畢再延長漂白時間已不起作用。

　　The duration of the bleaching process is related to the release time of the bleaching agent. At the ideal bleaching temperature and ideal pH of the washing solution (pH 10.5), the bleaching agent is almost uniformly dissolved in the washing solution when added for one minute. At this point, the effective chlorine is released uniformly, and the chlorine is basically released within 6-8 minutes. At this point, the concentration of effective chlorine in the solution is 10ppm. The effective chlorine content during drainage should be less than 10ppm, so extending the bleaching time after the effective chlorine is released is no longer effective.

　　漂白的溫度

　　Bleaching temperature

　　在漂白過程中，溫度對漂白效果十分重要，在漂白程序中選用氧漂還是氯漂進行漂白，可根據被漂白織物的特性及織物的顏色而選擇合理的運用。

　　During the bleaching process, temperature is crucial for the bleaching effect. The choice between oxygen bleaching and chlorine bleaching in the bleaching process can be based on the characteristics and color of the bleached fabric.

　　漂白時溫度對於(yu) 氯漂是十分重要的，提高漂液的溫度可提高漂白速度，縮短漂白時間。一般情況下漂白溫度增加10℃可縮短一倍的漂白時間，如使用氯漂劑漂白，漂白的溫度一般選擇在65℃以下否則會(hui) 使織物汙黃、牢度下降。如使用氧漂劑可選擇70℃～90℃為(wei) 好。

　　The temperature during bleaching is very important for chlorine bleaching. Increasing the temperature of the bleaching solution can improve the bleaching speed and shorten the bleaching time. In general, increasing the bleaching temperature by 10 ℃ can shorten the bleaching time by twice. If chlorine bleach is used for bleaching, the bleaching temperature is generally chosen below 65 ℃, otherwise it will cause the fabric to become dirty and yellow, and the fastness will decrease. If using oxygen bleach, it is better to choose 70 ℃ to 90 ℃.

　　漂白的PH值

　　The pH value of bleaching

　　漂浴的pH值對於(yu) 織物牢度損傷(shang) 影響較大，當漂浴的pH值為(wei) 中性7時，對織物損壞較重。漂浴在酸性條件下漂白速度十分快，但對纖維造成損傷(shang) 較嚴(yan) 重，正常情況下不建議采用。使用氯漂最佳狀態pH值是10.2-10.5左右，在這種情況下漂白速度一般，但對纖維損傷(shang) 較小，一般情況下可將主洗與(yu) 漂洗設計在同時進行，既保持pH值又可達到漂白效果。

　　The pH value of the float bath has a significant impact on fabric fastness damage. When the pH value of the float bath is neutral at 7, the damage to the fabric is more severe. Under acidic conditions, the bleaching speed of the bleaching bath is very fast, but it can cause serious damage to the fibers, and it is not recommended to use it under normal circumstances. The optimal pH value for using chlorine bleaching is around 10.2-10.5. In this case, the bleaching speed is average, but the damage to the fibers is minimal. Generally, the main washing and rinsing can be designed to be carried out simultaneously to maintain the pH value and achieve the bleaching effect.

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